Semi-trailers have become the mainstay of domestic transportation today, but many domestic car owners focus on the tractor when using their vehicles and ignore the trailer.
In fact, for the operation of vehicles, trailers are as important as tractors. So how should semi-trailers be operated correctly, and what should be paid attention to when using trailers? After reading this article, I believe you will have a better understanding of the use of semi-trailers.
1.1. The semi-trailer’s towing height, towing pin size, front slewing radius, clearance radius, etc. must match those of the tractor and should be checked before connection.
1.2. Carefully check whether there is sand, dust or other foreign matter on the working surface of the saddle of the tractor and the towing pin and towing slide plate of the semi-trailer, and whether there is enough lubricating grease.
1.3. Connection between the saddle of the tractor and the towing pin: See Figure
d Check whether the locking block of the towing seat locks the towing pin and whether it is locked firmly.
e Move the tractor forward slightly to check whether the connection is good.
1.4. Gas connection
a Connect the two gas pipe joints (commonly known as handshakes) on the tractor to the two gas pipe joints on the semi-trailer. At this time, the air supply line of the tractor is connected to the air supply line of the semi-trailer, and the control line of the tractor is connected to the control line of the semi-trailer (note the color of the joint: red is the air supply line, blue is the control line).
b After the air joints are connected to each other, unscrew the semi-trailer air circuit connection and separation switch on the tractor to put it in a ventilated state, otherwise the semi-trailer brake system cannot be supplied with air and the brake system cannot work.
c Start the engine, observe the air pressure gauge in the cab, and increase the pressure in the tractor and semi-trailer air tanks to the specified pressure (generally 650-750kPa).
d Check whether there is any leakage in the air circuit and whether the brake system is working properly.
1.5. Circuit connection
a Insert the cable connection plug of the tractor into the cable connection socket at the front end of the van semi-trailer.
b Check whether each electrode is well connected and confirm whether each lamp is working properly. If necessary, replace the electrode wiring.
2.1. For the vehicle and personal safety during loading, unloading and transportation of goods, it is strictly forbidden to overload the goods in the compartment during loading, unloading or transportation.
2.2. When loading and unloading goods, open the left and right rear doors at the same time. The opening angle of the two rear doors is 0-270 degrees. After opening, if there is a door hook, use the door hook to fix the door before loading and unloading. For the safety of loading and unloading, open the left and right rear doors more than 180 degrees. After completing the loading and unloading work, close the left door first and then the right door, then turn the lock rod to lock it and lower the lock row. The rear door can be locked or sealed as needed. The opening angle of the side door is 180 degrees, and other operations are the same as the rear door.
2.3. Before loading the side curtain truck, first loosen the side curtain tensioner on the corner column and the hook at the bottom of the curtain, and then move the side curtain to one end of the vehicle.
2.4. After loading the side curtain truck with a middle wall, tighten the side curtain tensioner and the hook at the bottom of the curtain. For side curtain trucks without a middle wall, fix the sliding column according to the use requirements, then fix the side fence (cargo blocking cross bar), and finally tighten the side curtain.
2.5. If the van has a cargo fixing device in the compartment, make full use of the cargo fixing device in the compartment to tie up the cargo.
2.6. When loading and unloading, be sure to use a forklift according to the requirements of each vehicle, and it is strictly forbidden to load and unload beyond the limit.
3.1. Starting
a Operate the outrigger correctly, so that the outrigger foot leaves the ground and rises to the limit position, ensuring that the outrigger foot is not less than 320mm above the ground (when the semi-trailer is fully loaded), and then hang the crank on the hook.
b Check whether the tire pressure is the specified value.
c Check whether the air pressure of the air brake system is within the specified range. The vehicle can only start when the air pressure of the air tank reaches 550kPa.
d Release the parking handbrake.
3.2. Driving
After the above operations, you can drive. When going downhill, strictly follow the following operating points:
a When going down a long or steep slope, prevent the brake drum from overheating, and try to use the tractor engine brake for braking.
b The semi-trailer brake system must not be used alone for a long time.
4.1. Choose a flat and solid ground to park the semitrailer and the tractor. Check whether the trailer brake is effective. Operate the support device to make the base fall to the ground and then continue to rotate the crank to lift the semitrailer traction slide to a certain gap so that the tractor can exit.
4.2. Turn off the semitrailer air circuit connection separation switch on the tractor, and then remove the tractor’s air supply and control pipeline joints from the semitrailer.
4.3. Unplug the cable plug from the cable connection socket of the semitrailer and place it on the tractor.
4.4. Operate the traction seat locking mechanism to open the locking block.
4.5. Slowly drive the tractor forward to disengage the traction pin from the traction seat, thereby separating the semitrailer and the tractor.
4.6. When parking for a long time, the parking hand brake valve should be operated to activate the spring energy storage brake of the brake cylinder.
4.7. After separation, check whether there are any abnormalities in the various parts of the semitrailer, and loosen the drain valve at the bottom of the air storage cylinder to drain the water in the cylinder.
4.8. For precautions for corresponding tractors, please refer to the “Tractor Instruction Manual”.
5.1. All rear doors, side doors, side curtains and side fences (cargo cross bars) should be locked.
5.2. The speed should be reduced when turning to reduce the impact of cargo on the side wall and prevent rollover.
5.3. The speed should be reduced at railway crossings and uneven roads to reduce the impact of cargo on the trailer body.
5.4. The loading mass should be correctly judged and overloading is not allowed;
5.5. For container transport semi-trailer transportation, check whether all rotating locks are in a locked state.
